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Chapter 16

The Yoga of the Divine and Demoniac Natures

Daivasura Sampad Vibhaga Yoga

The divine and demoniac qualities in human beings are contrasted. Following divine qualities leads to liberation, while demoniac qualities bind one.

divine qualitiesdemoniac qualitiesvirtuecharacter
8 lessons from 24 verses

Featured Lessons

Abhayam sattva-samsuddhir jnana-yoga-vyavasthitih, danam damas cha yajnas cha svadhyayas tapa arjavam

Fearlessness, purity of heart, steadfastness in knowledge and yoga, charity, self-control, sacrifice, study of scriptures, austerity, and straightforwardness.

Key Teachings

  • Divine qualities to cultivate
  • Fearlessness is foundational
  • Purity of heart is essential
Ahimsa satyam akrodhas tyagah shantir apaishunam, daya bhuteshv aloluptvam mardavam hrir achapalam

Non-violence, truthfulness, absence of anger, renunciation, tranquility, absence of slander, compassion toward all, absence of greed, gentleness, modesty, and steadiness.

Key Teachings

  • More divine qualities to cultivate
  • Comprehensive list of virtues
  • Blueprint for character development
Tejah kshama dhritih shaucham adroho nati-manita, bhavanti sampadam daivim abhijatasya bharata

Vigor, forgiveness, fortitude, purity, absence of malice, and absence of pride—these qualities belong to those endowed with divine nature, O Arjuna.

Key Teachings

  • Strength combined with humility
  • Purity without pride
  • Divine character is multifaceted
Tri-vidham narakasyedam dvaram nashanam atmanah, kamah krodhas tatha lobhas tasmad etat trayam tyajet

There are three gates leading to self-destruction and hell: lust, anger, and greed. Therefore, one should abandon these three.

Key Teachings

  • Three primary obstacles identified
  • They lead to downfall
  • Must be consciously renounced
Tasmac chastram pramanam te karyakarya-vyavasthitau, jnatva shastra-vidhanoktam karma kartum iharhasi

Therefore, let the scriptures be your authority in determining what should be done and what should not be done. Understanding the scriptural injunctions, you should perform your duties here.

Key Teachings

  • Scriptures guide right action
  • Divine wisdom over personal whim
  • Act according to higher knowledge
Dambho darpo 'bhimānaśh cha krodhaḥ pāruṣhyam eva cha, ajñānaṁ chābhijātasya pārtha sampadam āsurīm

Hypocrisy, arrogance, conceit, anger, harshness, and ignorance—these qualities belong to those of demoniac nature, O Partha.

Key Teachings

  • Demoniac qualities to avoid
  • Pride and anger are destructive
  • Ignorance underlies negative traits
Daivī sampad vimokṣhāya nibandhāyāsurī matā, mā śhuchaḥ sampadaṁ daivīm abhijāto 'si pāṇḍava

Divine qualities lead to liberation, while demoniac qualities lead to bondage. Do not grieve, O Pandava, for you are born with divine treasures.

Key Teachings

  • Divine qualities liberate
  • Demoniac qualities bind
  • Arjuna has divine nature
Etair vimuktaḥ kaunteya tamo-dvārais tribhir naraḥ, ācharaty ātmanaḥ śhreyas tato yāti parāṁ gatim

Liberated from these three gates to darkness, O son of Kunti, a person does what is best for the soul and thus attains the supreme goal.

Key Teachings

  • Liberation from lust, anger, greed
  • Then one can act for soul's welfare
  • Supreme goal becomes attainable