Dharma

The Path of Duty and Righteousness

Dharma is the foundation of the Bhagavad Gita's teachings. It represents your sacred duty, moral obligations, and the righteous path aligned with your true nature. The entire dialogue between Krishna and Arjuna centers on understanding and fulfilling one's dharma.

Krishna teaches that dharma is not a rigid set of rules, but a dynamic principle that considers your position, abilities, and circumstances. Your swadharma (own duty) is better than another's dharma perfectly performed, because it aligns with your authentic self and cosmic order.

Core Principles

Swadharma

Your unique duty based on your nature, position, and stage of life. Better to perform your own dharma imperfectly than another's perfectly.

Cosmic Order

Dharma maintains the harmony of the universe. When individuals fulfill their dharma, society and cosmos function in balance.

Moral Duty

Dharma encompasses ethical behavior, truthfulness, non-violence when possible, and acting for the welfare of all beings.

Context Matters

Dharma is situational. What's right for a warrior may differ from a teacher, a student, or a renunciate. Context determines duty.

Arjuna's Dharma Dilemma

The Bhagavad Gita begins with Arjuna's dharmic crisis. As a warrior (kshatriya), his duty is to fight for justice. But facing his relatives and teachers on the battlefield, he's torn between his duty and his compassion.

Krishna doesn't dismiss Arjuna's concerns. Instead, he provides a profound teaching: true dharma considers the larger picture—the cosmic order, the welfare of society, and one's authentic nature. Arjuna's dharma as a warrior is to fight against injustice, even when personally painful.

This teaching applies universally: fulfill your authentic duty, not what seems comfortable. Your dharma might be as a parent, teacher, artist, or leader. Honor it, even when challenging.

All Dharma Verses (28)

Chapter 1 • Verse 30Arjuna Vishada Yoga

Moral confusion before right action

I see only adverse omens, O Krishna, and I do not foresee any good from killing my own kinsmen in battle.

moral dilemmaconfusiondutyethicswar
Chapter 1 • Verse 30Arjuna Vishada Yoga

Moral confusion before right action

I see only adverse omens, O Krishna, and I do not foresee any good from killing my own kinsmen in battle.

moral dilemmaconfusiondutyethicswar
Chapter 2 • Verse 38Sankhya Yoga

Treat opposites with equanimity

Fight for the sake of duty, treating alike happiness and distress, loss and gain, victory and defeat. Fulfilling your responsibility in this way, you will never incur sin.

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Chapter 2 • Verse 47Sankhya Yoga

Focus on action, not outcomes

You have a right to perform your prescribed duty, but you are not entitled to the fruits of action. Never consider yourself the cause of the results of your activities, and never be attached to not doing your duty.

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Chapter 3 • Verse 8Karma Yoga

Duty must be performed

Perform your prescribed duty, for action is better than inaction. Even the maintenance of your physical body cannot be achieved without action.

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Chapter 3 • Verse 8Karma Yoga

Action is better than inaction

You should thus perform your prescribed Vedic duties, since action is superior to inaction. By ceasing activity, even your bodily maintenance will not be possible.

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Chapter 3 • Verse 8Karma Yoga

Action is better than inaction

You should thus perform your prescribed Vedic duties, since action is superior to inaction. By ceasing activity, even your bodily maintenance will not be possible.

dutyactionresponsibilitysurvivalengagement
Chapter 3 • Verse 16Karma Yoga

Live in harmony with cosmic order

My dear Arjuna, one who does not follow the cycle of sacrifice lives in vain, who is sensual by nature, lives uselessly.

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Chapter 3 • Verse 17Karma Yoga

Self-realized have transcended duty

But those who rejoice in the self, who are illumined and fully satisfied in the self, for them there is no duty.

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Chapter 3 • Verse 19Karma Yoga

Consistent detached action leads to liberation

Therefore, without attachment, constantly perform action which is duty, for by performing action without attachment, one attains the Supreme.

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Chapter 3 • Verse 30Karma Yoga

Surrender all actions to the divine

Therefore, surrendering all your works unto Me, with mind intent on the self, free from desire and possessiveness, and cured of mental fever, fight.

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Chapter 3 • Verse 35Karma Yoga

Stay true to your own path

It is far better to discharge one's prescribed duties, even though faultily, than another's duties perfectly. Better to die performing one's own duty than adopt another's, for that is dangerous.

dharmadutyauthenticitypathself
Chapter 4 • Verse 7Jnana Karma Sanyasa Yoga

Divine intervention restores balance

Whenever there is a decline in righteousness and an increase in unrighteousness, O Arjuna, at that time I manifest myself on earth.

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Chapter 4 • Verse 8Jnana Karma Sanyasa Yoga

Divine protection for the righteous

To protect the righteous, to annihilate the wicked, and to reestablish the principles of dharma, I appear millennium after millennium.

divine protectiondharmarighteousnessevilcycles
Chapter 4 • Verse 8Jnana Karma Sanyasa Yoga

Divine protection for the righteous

To protect the righteous, to annihilate the wicked, and to reestablish the principles of dharma, I appear millennium after millennium.

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Chapter 8 • Verse 7Aksara Brahma Yoga

Constant remembrance amid action

Therefore, remember Me at all times and fight. With mind and intellect surrendered to Me, you will certainly attain Me.

remembrancedutybalancesurrenderconstant practice
Chapter 8 • Verse 7Aksara Brahma Yoga

Constant remembrance amid action

Therefore, remember Me at all times and fight. With mind and intellect surrendered to Me, you will certainly attain Me.

remembrancedutybalancesurrenderconstant practice
Chapter 12 • Verse 20Bhakti Yoga

Following divine teachings faithfully

Those who follow this immortal dharma as I have declared, endowed with faith and considering Me as their supreme goal—such devotees are most dear to Me.

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Chapter 12 • Verse 20Bhakti Yoga

Following divine teachings faithfully

Those who follow this immortal dharma as I have declared, endowed with faith and considering Me as their supreme goal—such devotees are most dear to Me.

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Chapter 16 • Verse 24Daivasura Sampad Vibhaga Yoga

Scriptures guide right action

Therefore, let the scriptures be your authority in determining what should be done and what should not be done. Understanding the scriptural injunctions, you should perform your duties here.

scripturesguidancedutyauthorityright action
Chapter 16 • Verse 24Daivasura Sampad Vibhaga Yoga

Scriptures guide right action

Therefore, let the scriptures be your authority in determining what should be done and what should not be done. Understanding the scriptural injunctions, you should perform your duties here.

scripturesguidancedutyauthorityright action
Chapter 17 • Verse 11Sraddhatraya Vibhaga Yoga

Sattvic sacrifice is dutiful

Sacrifice that is performed as a duty, without desire for reward, according to scriptural injunctions, with a concentrated mind—that is of the nature of goodness.

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Chapter 18 • Verse 42Moksha Sanyasa Yoga

Qualities of spiritual leadership

Tranquility, self-control, austerity, purity, forgiveness, uprightness, knowledge, realization, and faith in God—these are the natural qualities of work for brahmins.

spiritual leadershipknowledgecharacterdutyqualities
Chapter 18 • Verse 42Moksha Sanyasa Yoga

Qualities of spiritual leadership

Tranquility, self-control, austerity, purity, forgiveness, uprightness, knowledge, realization, and faith in God—these are the natural qualities of work for brahmins.

spiritual leadershipknowledgecharacterdutyqualities
Chapter 18 • Verse 48Moksha Sanyasa Yoga

Accept imperfection in your path

One should not abandon one's natural work, even if it has some fault, O Arjuna. Indeed, all undertakings are enveloped by some fault, as fire is by smoke.

imperfectiondharmanatural workacceptancedefects
Chapter 18 • Verse 48Moksha Sanyasa Yoga

Accept imperfection in your path

One should not abandon one's natural work, even if it has some fault, O Arjuna. Indeed, all undertakings are enveloped by some fault, as fire is by smoke.

imperfectiondharmanatural workacceptancedefects
Chapter 18 • Verse 73Moksha Sanyasa Yoga

Divine grace removes confusion

Arjuna said: O infallible Krishna, my illusion is dispelled, and by Your grace I have regained memory. I am now firm and free from doubt, and am prepared to act according to Your instructions.

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Chapter 18 • Verse 73Moksha Sanyasa Yoga

Divine grace removes confusion

Arjuna said: O infallible Krishna, my illusion is dispelled, and by Your grace I have regained memory. I am now firm and free from doubt, and am prepared to act according to Your instructions.

claritygraceresolvedutytransformation